SDGs 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) aims to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns to reduce the ecological footprint on planet Earth. This goal focuses on the efficient use of natural resources and waste management through the following principles:

1. Natural Resource Management: Achieve efficient and sustainable use of natural resources by 2030.

2. Food Waste Reduction: Halve per capita food waste at the retail and consumer levels, and reduce food losses throughout the production chain.

3. Chemical and Waste Management: Manage chemicals and hazardous waste (B3) in an environmentally friendly manner to minimize adverse impacts on human health and the environment.

4. The 3R Principle (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle): Significantly reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling, and reuse.

To accelerate implementation in Indonesia, by early 2026, Indonesia had integrated SDGs 12 into its industrial and environmental policies through strategic steps:

1. Circular Economy Roadmap (2025–2045): The government launched a circular economy action plan focused on five priority sectors: food and beverages, retail (plastic packaging), textiles, construction, and electronics.

2. Indonesia Clean-from-Waste Target 2025: Through coordination with the Ministry of Environment (KLHK), the government is targeting a 70% reduction in marine plastic waste by the end of 2025.

3. Green Industry Downstreaming: Encouraging the business sector to adopt clean technology and green industry certification to reduce emissions and energy use in production processes.

3. Digitalization of Hazardous and Toxic Waste Management: Tightening regulations through Technical Approvals (Pertek) and Certificates of Operational Eligibility (SLO) to ensure that industries process hazardous waste according to the latest environmental standards.

4. Community Empowerment Programs: Initiatives such as "Productive Low-Waste Homes" and the development of waste banks at the village/campus level to transform waste into economically valuable resources.

Recent achievements demonstrate that Indonesia continues to improve its ecological footprint, although significant challenges remain in managing household waste, which peaks in urban areas.